Volume No : (2019) Volume: 07 Issue : 36 Year : 2019 Page No: 85-88
Authors : Sumit Khare, Shilpa Parkhe, Pratibha Gunjal, Sonali Shinde, Rama Arbatti
Abstract :
Intellectual disability (ID), also known as mental retardation, is a generalized neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significant limitations in both intellectual and adaptive functioning. This disability originates before the age of 18 years. It is defined by an intelligence quotient under 70, in addition to deficits in two or more adaptive behaviors that affect everyday, general living. This not only
affects the individual having ID but also the family and society as a group. ID affects about 2–3% of the general population. Quality of life (QOL) of primary caregiver is affected which depends on the severity of the disability of the child, presence of cognitive or behavioral problems, socioeconomic status of the families, lack of education, low social support, etc. There are various factors responsible for
causing ID such as genetic and environmental that impairs the brain function in such individuals. There may be the physical, social, and economical burden in raising these children due to their less ability to learn new things. These individuals are less able to grasp abstract, concepts, and learning various things. These intellectual and adaptive behaviors can be improved with the help of various supportive measures and with the help of family’s support and also from doctors, nurses, psychiatrists, and help from other agencies, for example, social workers, psychologists are also must. These individuals should be treated kindly to improve their QOL
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